(18) 3. Upāsakavaggo

1. Sārajjasuttaṃ

171. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti . ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako sārajjaṃ okkanto hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako sārajjaṃ okkanto hoti.

‘‘Pañcahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako visārado hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako visārado hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Visāradasuttaṃ

172. ‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako avisārado agāraṃ ajjhāvasati. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako avisārado agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.

‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako visārado agāraṃ ajjhāvasati. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako visārado agāraṃ ajjhāvasatī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Nirayasuttaṃ

173. ‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.

‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Verasuttaṃ



我来为您直译这段经文：
(18) 3. 优婆塞品
1. 胆怯经
171. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城（现今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂）祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊呼唤比丘们说："诸比丘。"那些比丘回应世尊说："尊者。"世尊如是说：
"诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞落入胆怯。是哪五法？杀生、不与取、欲邪行、妄语、饮酒放逸。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞落入胆怯。
"诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞成为无畏。是哪五法？离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行、离妄语、离饮酒放逸。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞成为无畏。"第一。
2. 无畏经
172. "诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞无畏地住在家中。是哪五法？杀生......乃至......饮酒放逸。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞无畏地住在家中。
"诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞无畏地住在家中。是哪五法？离杀生......乃至......离饮酒放逸。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞无畏地住在家中。"第二。
3. 地狱经
173. "诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞如所运载般投生地狱。是哪五法？杀生......乃至......饮酒放逸。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞如所运载般投生地狱。
"诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞如所运载般投生天界。是哪五法？离杀生......乃至......离饮酒放逸。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞如所运载般投生天界。"第三。
4. 怨敌经

174. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Pañca, gahapati, bhayāni verāni appahāya ‘dussīlo’ iti vuccati, nirayañca upapajjati. Katamāni pañca? Pāṇātipātaṃ, adinnādānaṃ, kāmesumicchācāraṃ, musāvādaṃ, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ – imāni kho, gahapati, pañca bhayāni verāni appahāya ‘dussīlo’ iti vuccati, nirayañca upapajjati.

‘‘Pañca, gahapati, bhayāni verāni pahāya ‘sīlavā’ iti vuccati, sugatiñca upapajjati . Katamāni pañca? Pāṇātipātaṃ, adinnādānaṃ, kāmesumicchācāraṃ, musāvādaṃ, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ – imāni kho, gahapati, pañca bhayāni verāni pahāya ‘sīlavā’ iti vuccati, sugatiñca upapajjati.

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, pāṇātipātī pāṇātipātapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato neva diṭṭhadhammikaṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, na samparāyikaṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, na cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, adinnādāyī…pe….

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, kāmesumicchācārī…pe….

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, musāvādī…pe….

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato neva diṭṭhadhammikaṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, na samparāyikaṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, na cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hotī’’ti.

‘‘Yo pāṇamatipāteti, musāvādañca bhāsati;

Loke adinnaṃ ādiyati, paradārañca gacchati;

Surāmerayapānañca, yo naro anuyuñjati.

‘‘Appahāya pañca verāni, dussīlo iti vuccati;

Kāyassa bhedā duppañño, nirayaṃ sopapajjati.

‘‘Yo pāṇaṃ nātipāteti, musāvādaṃ na bhāsati;

Loke adinnaṃ nādiyati, paradāraṃ na gacchati;

Surāmerayapānañca , yo naro nānuyuñjati.

‘‘Pahāya pañca verāni, sīlavā iti vuccati;

Kāyassa bhedā sappañño, sugatiṃ sopapajjatī’’ti. catutthaṃ;

5. Caṇḍālasuttaṃ

175. ‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakacaṇḍālo ca hoti upāsakamalañca upāsakapatikuṭṭho ca [upāsakapatikiṭṭho ca (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]. Katamehi pañcahi? Assaddho hoti; dussīlo hoti; kotūhalamaṅgaliko hoti, maṅgalaṃ pacceti no kammaṃ; ito ca bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati; tattha ca pubbakāraṃ karoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakacaṇḍālo ca hoti upāsakamalañca upāsakapatikuṭṭho ca.

‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakaratanañca hoti upāsakapadumañca upāsakapuṇḍarīkañca [upāsakapuṇḍarīko ca (pī. ka.)]. Katamehi pañcahi? Saddho hoti; sīlavā hoti; akotūhalamaṅgaliko hoti, kammaṃ pacceti no maṅgalaṃ; na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati; idha ca pubbakāraṃ karoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakaratanañca hoti upāsakapadumañca upāsakapuṇḍarīkañcā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Pītisuttaṃ



174. 这时，给孤独长者来到世尊所在处，向世尊礼敬后，坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的给孤独长者如是说：
"长者，若不舍弃五种怖畏怨敌，则被称为'破戒者'，且投生地狱。是哪五种？杀生、不与取、欲邪行、妄语、饮酒放逸 - 长者，若不舍弃这五种怖畏怨敌，则被称为'破戒者'，且投生地狱。
"长者，若舍弃五种怖畏怨敌，则被称为'持戒者'，且投生善趣。是哪五种？杀生、不与取、欲邪行、妄语、饮酒放逸 - 长者，若舍弃这五种怖畏怨敌，则被称为'持戒者'，且投生善趣。
"长者，若有人杀生，因杀生之缘，现世生怖畏怨敌，来世生怖畏怨敌，心受苦忧。若离杀生，则现世不生怖畏怨敌，来世不生怖畏怨敌，心不受苦忧。如是离杀生者，其怖畏怨敌得以平息。
"长者，若有人不与取......乃至......
"长者，若有人欲邪行......乃至......
"长者，若有人妄语......乃至......
"长者，若有人饮酒放逸，因饮酒放逸之缘，现世生怖畏怨敌，来世生怖畏怨敌，心受苦忧。若离饮酒放逸，则现世不生怖畏怨敌，来世不生怖畏怨敌，心不受苦忧。如是离饮酒放逸者，其怖畏怨敌得以平息。"
"若人行杀生，说虚妄语言，
世间行盗取，亦犯他人妻；
若人常沉溺，饮酒迷乱中。
不舍五怨敌，名为破戒者；
身坏无智慧，投生于地狱。
若人离杀生，不说虚妄语，
世间不盗取，不犯他人妻；
若人能远离，饮酒迷乱事。
舍离五怨敌，名为持戒者；
身坏具智慧，投生于善趣。"第四。
5. 旃陀罗经
175. "诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞是优婆塞旃陀罗、优婆塞污垢、优婆塞下贱。是哪五法？无信、破戒、迷信祥瑞、信仰祥瑞不信业、在此之外寻求应供养者且先行供养。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞是优婆塞旃陀罗、优婆塞污垢、优婆塞下贱。
"诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞是优婆塞宝、优婆塞莲华、优婆塞白莲。是哪五法？有信、持戒、不迷信祥瑞、信业不信祥瑞、不在此之外寻求应供养者且在此先行供养。诸比丘，具足这五法的优婆塞是优婆塞宝、优婆塞莲华、优婆塞白莲。"第五。
6. 喜悦经

176. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati pañcamattehi upāsakasatehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Tumhe kho, gahapati, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena . Na kho, gahapati, tāvatakeneva tuṭṭhi karaṇīyā – ‘mayaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārenā’ti . Tasmātiha, gahapati, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kinti mayaṃ kālena kālaṃ pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja vihareyyāmā’ti! Evañhi vo, gahapati, sikkhitabba’’nti.

Evaṃ vutte āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva subhāsitaṃ cidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘tumhe kho, gahapati, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena. Na kho, gahapati, tāvatakeneva tuṭṭhi karaṇīyā – mayaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārenāti. Tasmātiha, gahapati, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – kinti mayaṃ kālena kālaṃ pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja vihareyyāmāti! Evañhi vo, gahapati, sikkhitabba’nti. Yasmiṃ, bhante, samaye ariyasāvako pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja viharati, pañcassa ṭhānāni tasmiṃ samaye na honti. Yampissa kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa akusalūpasaṃhitaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa akusalūpasaṃhitaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yasmiṃ, bhante, samaye ariyasāvako pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja viharati, imānissa pañca [imāni pañcassa (syā. kaṃ.)] ṭhānāni tasmiṃ samaye na hontī’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yasmiṃ, sāriputta, samaye ariyasāvako pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja viharati, pañcassa ṭhānāni tasmiṃ samaye na honti. Yampissa kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa akusalūpasaṃhitaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa akusalūpasaṃhitaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yampissa kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ, tampissa tasmiṃ samaye na hoti. Yasmiṃ, sāriputta, samaye ariyasāvako pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja viharati, imānissa [imānettha (sī.)] pañca ṭhānāni tasmiṃ samaye na hontī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Vaṇijjāsuttaṃ

177. ‘‘Pañcimā , bhikkhave, vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā. Katamā pañca? Satthavaṇijjā, sattavaṇijjā, maṃsavaṇijjā, majjavaṇijjā, visavaṇijjā – imā kho, bhikkhave, pañca vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Rājāsuttaṃ



176. 这时，给孤独长者与约五百优婆塞众来到世尊所在处，向世尊礼敬后，坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的给孤独长者如是说：
"长者，你们以衣服、饮食、卧具、病药资具护持比丘僧团。长者，不应仅以'我们以衣服、饮食、卧具、病药资具护持比丘僧团'为满足。因此，长者，你们应当如是学：'我们当如何时时获得远离之喜而住？'长者，你们应当如是学。"
如是说已，尊者舍利弗对世尊如是说："希有，世尊！未曾有，世尊！世尊说得多好：'长者，你们以衣服、饮食、卧具、病药资具护持比丘僧团。长者，不应仅以"我们以衣服、饮食、卧具、病药资具护持比丘僧团"为满足。因此，长者，你们应当如是学："我们当如何时时获得远离之喜而住？"长者，你们应当如是学。'世尊，当圣弟子获得远离之喜而住时，其时他的五种状态不存在。凡是与欲相应的苦忧，其时他不存在；凡是与欲相应的乐喜，其时他不存在；凡是与不善相应的苦忧，其时他不存在；凡是与不善相应的乐喜，其时他不存在；凡是与善相应的苦忧，其时他不存在。世尊，当圣弟子获得远离之喜而住时，其时这五种状态不存在。"
"善哉善哉，舍利弗！当圣弟子获得远离之喜而住时，其时他的五种状态不存在。凡是与欲相应的苦忧，其时他不存在；凡是与欲相应的乐喜，其时他不存在；凡是与不善相应的苦忧，其时他不存在；凡是与不善相应的乐喜，其时他不存在；凡是与善相应的苦忧，其时他不存在。舍利弗，当圣弟子获得远离之喜而住时，其时这五种状态不存在。"第六。
7. 贸易经
177. "诸比丘，这五种贸易优婆塞不应从事。是哪五种？武器贸易、人口贸易、肉类贸易、酒类贸易、毒物贸易——诸比丘，这五种贸易优婆塞不应从事。"第七。
8. 国王经
User: 这些是用于语言学术用途，请完整直译成简体中文，不要意译缩略，如果文件中有重复的部分也照译不要省略，请在章节编号数字后加反斜杠，巴利文不要对照输出; 遇到原文是对仗诗歌体时译文也请尽量对仗; 其中的古代地名如有把握注解成现代地名的，请在（括号里）标注现代地名。输出请保持完整，不要脱句。178. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
''Pañc'imāni, mahārāja, ṭhānāni sampassamānā khattiyamahāsālā dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti. Katamāni pañca? 'Yo kho maṃ, mahārāja, paṭhamaṃ jātaṃ paṭhamaṃ nahāpeti pubbakārī so hoti. Tassāhaṃ pacchākārī bhavissāmi. Yo kho maṃ, mahārāja, paṭhamaṃ jātaṃ paṭhamaṃ nhāpeti dakkhiṇeyyo so hoti. Porāṇo kho panāyaṃ, mahārāja, vaṃso ciraṃ āgato anuppavattatthāya. Addhā cāyaṃ, mahārāja, vaṃso samucchedaṃ na gamissati. Na kho panāhaṃ, mahārāja, paraṃ pitaraṃ passāmi. Imasmiṃ loke pitu dakkhiṇā vaḍḍhatī'ti. Imāni kho, mahārāja, pañca ṭhānāni sampassamānā khattiyamahāsālā dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti.
''Pañc'imāni, mahārāja, ṭhānāni sampassamānā brāhmaṇamahāsālā dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti…pe….
''Pañc'imāni, mahārāja, ṭhānāni sampassamānā gahapatimahāsālā dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti. Katamāni pañca? 'Yo kho maṃ, mahārāja, paṭhamaṃ jātaṃ paṭhamaṃ nahāpeti pubbakārī so hoti. Tassāhaṃ pacchākārī bhavissāmi. Yo kho maṃ, mahārāja, paṭhamaṃ jātaṃ paṭhamaṃ nhāpeti dakkhiṇeyyo so hoti. Porāṇo kho panāyaṃ, mahārāja, vaṃso ciraṃ āgato anuppavattatthāya. Addhā cāyaṃ, mahārāja, vaṃso samucchedaṃ na gamissati. Na kho panāhaṃ, mahārāja, paraṃ pitaraṃ passāmi. Imasmiṃ loke pitu dakkhiṇā vaḍḍhatī'ti. Imāni kho, mahārāja, pañca ṭhānāni sampassamānā gahapatimahāsālā dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapentī''ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
Gihisuttaṃ
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
''Pañcahi, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgato gihi kalyāṇasamācāro hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samannāgato hoti, adinnādānā veramaṇiyā samannāgato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇiyā samannāgato hoti, musāvādā veramaṇiyā samannāgato hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiyā samannāgato hoti. Imehi kho, gahapati, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato gihi kalyāṇasamācāro hotī''ti. Navamaṃ.
Nandakasuttaṃ
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho nandako upāsakapāmokkho saddhi
A: 178. 这时，波斯匿王（憍萨罗国王）来到世尊所在处，向世尊礼敬后，坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的波斯匿王如是说：
"大王，剎帝利大富者思维这五处而建立供养。是哪五处？'大王，谁最先为刚出生的我沐浴，他是先行者。我将成为后行者。大王，谁最先为刚出生的我沐浴，他是应供养者。大王，这是古老的传统，长久以来为了不断传承。大王，这传统确实不会断绝。大王，我不见此世间有超越父亲的供养增长。'大王，剎帝利大富者思维这五处而建立供养。
"大王，婆罗门大富者思维这五处而建立供养......乃至......
"大王，居士大富者思维这五处而建立供养。是哪五处？'大王，谁最先为刚出生的我沐浴，他是先行者。我将成为后行者。大王，谁最先为刚出生的我沐浴，他是应供养者。大王，这是古老的传统，长久以来为了不断传承。大王，这传统确实不会断绝。大王，我不见此世间有超越父亲的供养增长。'大王，居士大富者思维这五处而建立供养。"第八。
9. 在家经
179. 这时，给孤独长者来到世尊所在处，向世尊礼敬后，坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的给孤独长者如是说：
"长者，具足五法的在家人是善行者。是哪五法？具足离杀生、具足离不与取、具足离欲邪行、具足离妄语、具足离饮酒放逸。长者，具足这五法的在家人是善行者。"第九。
10. 难陀迦经
180. 一时，世尊住在舍卫城（现今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂）东园鹿母讲堂。这时，优婆塞首领难陀迦与

178. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu tumhehi diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā – ‘ayaṃ puriso pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratoti [paṭivirato hotīti (sī.), paṭivirato hoti (syā. kaṃ. pī.)]. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā pāṇātipātā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Mayāpi kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, neva diṭṭhaṃ na sutaṃ – ‘ayaṃ puriso pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā pāṇātipātā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’ti. Api ca, khvassa tatheva pāpakammaṃ pavedenti [tatheva pāpakaṃ kammaṃ pavedayanti (sī.), tadeva pāpakammaṃ pavedeti (syā. kaṃ.)] – ‘ayaṃ puriso itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā jīvitā voropesīti [voropetīti (syā. kaṃ.)]. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā pāṇātipātahetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karonti. Api nu tumhehi evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘‘Diṭṭhañca no, bhante, sutañca suyyissati [sūyissati (sī. pī.)] cā’’ti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu tumhehi diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā – ‘ayaṃ puriso adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā adinnādānā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Mayāpi kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, neva diṭṭhaṃ na sutaṃ – ‘ayaṃ puriso adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā adinnādānā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’ti. Api ca khvassa tatheva pāpakammaṃ pavedenti – ‘ayaṃ puriso gāmā vā araññā vā adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyīti [ādiyati (syā. kaṃ.)]. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā adinnādānahetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karonti. Api nu tumhehi evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘‘Diṭṭhañca no, bhante, sutañca suyyissati cā’’ti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu tumhehi diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā – ‘ayaṃ puriso kāmesumicchācāraṃ pahāya kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Mayāpi kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, neva diṭṭhaṃ na sutaṃ – ‘ayaṃ puriso kāmesumicchācāraṃ pahāya kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’ti. Api ca khvassa tatheva pāpakammaṃ pavedenti – ‘ayaṃ puriso paritthīsu parakumārīsu cārittaṃ āpajjīti [āpajjati (syā. kaṃ.)]. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā kāmesumicchācārahetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karonti. Api nu tumhehi evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘‘Diṭṭhañca no, bhante, sutañca suyyissati cā’’ti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu tumhehi diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā – ‘ayaṃ puriso musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā musāvādā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Mayāpi kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, neva diṭṭhaṃ na sutaṃ – ‘ayaṃ puriso musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā musāvādā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’ti. Api ca khvassa tatheva pāpakammaṃ pavedenti – ‘ayaṃ puriso gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā musāvādena atthaṃ pabhañjīti [bhañjatīti (sī.), bhañjati (syā. kaṃ.), bhañjīti (pī.)]. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā musāvādahetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karonti. Api nu tumhehi evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘‘Diṭṭhañca no, bhante, sutañca suyyissati cā’’ti .


178. "诸比丘，你们如何思维，你们是否见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离杀生、远离杀生，国王因其远离杀生而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'？""不是的，世尊。""善哉，诸比丘！我也未曾见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离杀生、远离杀生，国王因其远离杀生而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'。然而，他们会这样宣告其恶行：'这个人杀害了某女人或某男人的生命。因此国王因其杀生而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他。'你们是否见过或闻过如此之事？""世尊，我们已见过、已闻过，将来也会听闻。"
"诸比丘，你们如何思维，你们是否见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离不与取、远离不与取，国王因其远离不与取而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'？""不是的，世尊。""善哉，诸比丘！我也未曾见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离不与取、远离不与取，国王因其远离不与取而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'。然而，他们会这样宣告其恶行：'这个人从村落或旷野中盗取未给予之物。因此国王因其不与取而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他。'你们是否见过或闻过如此之事？""世尊，我们已见过、已闻过，将来也会听闻。"
"诸比丘，你们如何思维，你们是否见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离欲邪行、远离欲邪行，国王因其远离欲邪行而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'？""不是的，世尊。""善哉，诸比丘！我也未曾见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离欲邪行、远离欲邪行，国王因其远离欲邪行而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'。然而，他们会这样宣告其恶行：'这个人与他人之妻、他人之女发生关系。因此国王因其欲邪行而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他。'你们是否见过或闻过如此之事？""世尊，我们已见过、已闻过，将来也会听闻。"
"诸比丘，你们如何思维，你们是否见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离妄语、远离妄语，国王因其远离妄语而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'？""不是的，世尊。""善哉，诸比丘！我也未曾见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离妄语、远离妄语，国王因其远离妄语而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'。然而，他们会这样宣告其恶行：'这个人以妄语破坏居士或居士子的利益。因此国王因其妄语而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他。'你们是否见过或闻过如此之事？""世尊，我们已见过、已闻过，将来也会听闻。"


‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu tumhehi diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā – ‘ayaṃ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Mayāpi kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, neva diṭṭhaṃ na sutaṃ – ‘ayaṃ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratoti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇihetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karontī’ti. Api ca khvassa tatheva pāpakammaṃ pavedenti – ‘ayaṃ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ anuyutto itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā jīvitā voropesi [voropeti (syā.)]; ayaṃ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ anuyutto gāmā vā araññā vā adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi [ādiyati (sī. syā.)]; ayaṃ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ anuyutto paritthīsu parakumārīsu cārittaṃ āpajji [āpajjati (sī. syā.)]; ayaṃ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ anuyutto gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā musāvādena atthaṃ pabhañjīti. Tamenaṃ rājāno gahetvā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānahetu hananti vā bandhanti vā pabbājenti vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karonti. Api nu tumhehi evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘‘Diṭṭhañca no, bhante, sutañca suyyissati cā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Gihisuttaṃ



"诸比丘，你们如何思维，你们是否见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离饮酒放逸、远离饮酒放逸，国王因其远离饮酒放逸而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'？""不是的，世尊。""善哉，诸比丘！我也未曾见过或闻过：'这个人因为舍离饮酒放逸、远离饮酒放逸，国王因其远离饮酒放逸而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他'。然而，他们会这样宣告其恶行：'这个人因饮酒放逸而杀害某女人或某男人的生命；这个人因饮酒放逸而从村落或旷野中盗取未给予之物；这个人因饮酒放逸而与他人之妻、他人之女发生关系；这个人因饮酒放逸而以妄语破坏居士或居士子的利益。因此国王因其饮酒放逸而捕捉他、或杀害他、或囚禁他、或驱逐他、或随因缘处置他。'你们是否见过或闻过如此之事？""世尊，我们已见过、已闻过，将来也会听闻。"第八。
9. 在家

179. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati pañcamattehi upāsakasatehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yaṃ kañci [yaṃ kiñci (sī. pī.)], sāriputta, jāneyyātha gihiṃ odātavasanaṃ pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṃvutakammantaṃ catunnaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhiṃ akicchalābhiṃ akasiralābhiṃ, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti.

‘‘Katamesu pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṃvutakammanto hoti? Idha , sāriputta, ariyasāvako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Imesu pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṃvutakammanto hoti.

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī? Idha, sāriputta, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi, satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Ayamassa paṭhamo ābhicetasiko diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro adhigato hoti avisuddhassa cittassa visuddhiyā apariyodātassa cittassa pariyodapanāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, ariyasāvako dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Ayamassa dutiyo ābhicetasiko diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro adhigato hoti avisuddhassa cittassa visuddhiyā apariyodātassa cittassa pariyodapanāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, ariyasāvako saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Ayamassa tatiyo ābhicetasiko diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro adhigato hoti avisuddhassa cittassa visuddhiyā apariyodātassa cittassa pariyodapanāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayamassa catuttho ābhicetasiko diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro adhigato hoti avisuddhassa cittassa visuddhiyā apariyodātassa cittassa pariyodapanāya. Imesaṃ catunnaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.

‘‘Yaṃ kañci, sāriputta, jāneyyātha gihiṃ odātavasanaṃ – imesu pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṃvutakammantaṃ, imesañca catunnaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhiṃ akicchalābhiṃ akasiralābhiṃ, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’’ti.

‘‘Nirayesu bhayaṃ disvā, pāpāni parivajjaye;

Ariyadhammaṃ samādāya, paṇḍito parivajjaye.

‘‘Na hiṃse pāṇabhūtāni, vijjamāne parakkame;

Musā ca na bhaṇe jānaṃ, adinnaṃ na parāmase.

‘‘Sehi dārehi santuṭṭho, paradārañca ārame [nārame (sī. syā.)];

Merayaṃ vāruṇiṃ jantu, na pive cittamohaniṃ.

‘‘Anussareyya sambuddhaṃ, dhammañcānuvitakkaye;

Abyāpajjaṃ [abyāpajjhaṃ (?) abyāpajjhaṃ (ka.)] hitaṃ cittaṃ, devalokāya bhāvaye.

‘‘Upaṭṭhite deyyadhamme, puññatthassa jigīsato [jigiṃsato (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)];

Santesu paṭhamaṃ dinnā, vipulā hoti dakkhiṇā.

‘‘Santo have pavakkhāmi, sāriputta suṇohi me;

Iti kaṇhāsu setāsu, rohiṇīsu harīsu vā.

‘‘Kammāsāsu sarūpāsu, gosu pārevatāsu vā;

Yāsu kāsuci etāsu, danto jāyati puṅgavo.


179. 这时，给孤独长者与约五百优婆塞随从来到世尊所在处，向世尊礼敬后，坐在一旁。这时世尊对尊者舍利弗说："舍利弗，若你知道有穿白衣的在家人，在五学处中行为受约束，能随意、容易、无困难地获得四种增上心现法乐住，他若愿意，可以自己宣说自己：'我已尽地狱，已尽畜生道，已尽饿鬼界，已尽恶趣、苦趣、堕处，我是预流者，不堕恶趣，决定趣向正觉。'
"在哪五学处中行为受约束？舍利弗，在此，圣弟子远离杀生，远离不与取，远离欲邪行，远离妄语，远离饮酒放逸。在这五学处中行为受约束。
"如何能随意、容易、无困难地获得哪四种增上心现法乐住？舍利弗，在此，圣弟子具足于佛不坏信：'世尊是阿罗汉、正等正觉者、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。'这是他获得第一增上心现法乐住，为未清净心得清净，为未光洁心得光洁。
"再者，舍利弗，圣弟子具足于法不坏信：'法为世尊善说，现见、无时、来见、引导、智者自知。'这是他获得第二增上心现法乐住，为未清净心得清净，为未光洁心得光洁。
"再者，舍利弗，圣弟子具足于僧不坏信：'世尊的声闻僧众是善行道者，世尊的声闻僧众是正直行道者，世尊的声闻僧众是如理行道者，世尊的声闻僧众是正当行道者，即是四双八辈，这世尊的声闻僧众是应供养、应供奉、应施与、应合掌，是世间无上福田。'这是他获得第三增上心现法乐住，为未清净心得清净，为未光洁心得光洁。
"再者，舍利弗，圣弟子具足圣者所爱戒，无破、无穿、无杂、无污、自在、智者称赞、无执取、导向定。这是他获得第四增上心现法乐住，为未清净心得清净，为未光洁心得光洁。这就是他能随意、容易、无困难地获得的四种增上心现法乐住。
"舍利弗，若你知道有穿白衣的在家人，在这五学处中行为受约束，能随意、容易、无困难地获得这四种增上心现法乐住，他若愿意，可以自己宣说自己：'我已尽地狱，已尽畜生道，已尽饿鬼界，已尽恶趣、苦趣、堕处，我是预流者，不堕恶趣，决定趣向正觉。'"
"见地狱之怖，当远离诸恶；
受持圣者法，智者当远离。
不害诸生命，有力能行时；
知而不妄语，不取非所与。
知足自妻子，不犯他人妻；
不饮迷醉酒，令心生迷乱。
常忆念正觉，思维于正法；
无害利益心，修习生天界。
供养时现前，求福德之人；
先施于寂静，供养得广大。
我说寂静者，舍利弗听我：
或黑或白色，或赤或黄色。
或斑或纯色，或鸽羽色等；
此等诸色中，调顺公牛生。


‘‘Dhorayho balasampanno, kalyāṇajavanikkamo;

Tameva bhāre yuñjanti, nāssa vaṇṇaṃ parikkhare.

‘‘Evamevaṃ manussesu, yasmiṃ kismiñci jātiye;

Khattiye brāhmaṇe vesse, sudde caṇḍālapukkuse.

‘‘Yāsu kāsuci etāsu, danto jāyati subbato;

Dhammaṭṭho sīlasampanno, saccavādī hirīmano.

‘‘Pahīnajātimaraṇo, brahmacariyassa kevalī;

Pannabhāro visaṃyutto, katakicco anāsavo.

‘‘Pāragū sabbadhammānaṃ, anupādāya nibbuto;

Tasmiñca viraje khette, vipulā hoti dakkhiṇā.

‘‘Bālā ca avijānantā, dummedhā assutāvino;

Bahiddhā dadanti dānāni, na hi sante upāsare.

‘‘Ye ca sante upāsanti, sappaññe dhīrasammate;

Saddhā ca nesaṃ sugate, mūlajātā patiṭṭhitā.

‘‘Devalokañca te yanti, kule vā idha jāyare;

Anupubbena nibbānaṃ, adhigacchanti paṇḍitā’’ti. navamaṃ;

10. Gavesīsuttaṃ

180. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ. Addasā kho bhagavā addhānamaggappaṭipanno aññatarasmiṃ padese mahantaṃ sālavanaṃ; disvāna [disvā (sī. pī.)] maggā okkamma [ukkamma (katthaci)] yena taṃ sālavanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ sālavanaṃ ajjhogāhetvā aññatarasmiṃ padese sitaṃ pātvākāsi.

Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi – ‘‘ko nu kho hetu ko paccayo bhagavato sitassa pātukammāya? Na akāraṇena tathāgatā sitaṃ pātukarontī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo bhagavato sitassa pātukammāya? Na akāraṇena tathāgatā sitaṃ pātukarontī’’ti.

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, ānanda, imasmiṃ padese nagaraṃ ahosi iddhañceva phītañca bahujanaṃ ākiṇṇamanussaṃ. Taṃ kho panānanda, nagaraṃ kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho upanissāya vihāsi. Kassapassa kho panānanda, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa gavesī nāma upāsako ahosi sīlesu aparipūrakārī. Gavesinā kho, ānanda, upāsakena pañcamattāni upāsakasatāni paṭidesitāni samādapitāni [samādāpitāni (?)] ahesuṃ sīlesu aparipūrakārino. Atha kho, ānanda, gavesissa upāsakassa etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ kho imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ bahūpakāro [bahukāro (katthaci)] pubbaṅgamo samādapetā [samādāpetā (?)], ahañcamhi sīlesu aparipūrakārī, imāni ca pañca upāsakasatāni sīlesu aparipūrakārino. Iccetaṃ samasamaṃ, natthi kiñci atirekaṃ; handāhaṃ atirekāyā’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, gavesī upāsako yena tāni pañca upāsakasatāni tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tāni pañca upāsakasatāni etadavoca – ‘ajjatagge maṃ āyasmanto sīlesu paripūrakāriṃ dhārethā’ti! Atha kho, ānanda, tesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayyo kho gavesī amhākaṃ bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā . Ayyo hi nāma gavesī sīlesu paripūrakārī bhavissati. Kimaṅgaṃ [kimaṅga (sī. pī.)] pana maya’nti [pana na mayanti (sī.) a. ni. 4.159; cūḷava. 330; saṃ. ni. 

"负重具力量，善行步优美；
唯用彼负重，不论其毛色。
如是诸人中，不论何种族；
刹帝利婆罗门，吠舍首陀罗。
乃至旃陀罗，及诸贱种姓；
其中生调御，具戒善防护。
住法具足戒，说实具惭愧；
已断生死者，清净梵行圆。
重担已卸下，解脱得自在；
所作皆已办，无复诸漏染。
通达一切法，无取证涅槃；
于此离尘田，广大得供养。
愚人无智慧，无闻不了知；
施与于外道，不亲近寂者。
亲近于寂者，智者所称赞；
于善逝信心，生根得安住。
或生于天界，或生于贵家；
渐次诸智者，终证得涅槃。"第九。
10. 伽毗尸经
180. 一时，世尊与大比丘众在憍萨罗（现今印度北方邦）游行。世尊行于道路时，见某处有大沙罗树林，见已离开大路，向那沙罗树林走去，到达后进入沙罗树林，在某处显露微笑。
这时，尊者阿难想到："世尊显露微笑的因缘是什么？如来不会无因而显露微笑。"于是尊者阿难对世尊说："世尊，显露微笑的因缘是什么？如来不会无因而显露微笑。"
"阿难，从前在这地方有一座城市，富裕繁荣，人民众多。阿难，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者依止此城而住。阿难，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一名叫伽毗尸的优婆塞，他在戒律上未能圆满。阿难，伽毗尸优婆塞教导约五百优婆塞，他们在戒律上也未能圆满。阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞想到：'我对这五百优婆塞多所助益，是他们的领导者、教导者，我在戒律上未能圆满，这五百优婆塞在戒律上也未能圆满。这样是平等的，没有任何超越。来吧，我要超越！'
"阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞来到那五百优婆塞处，到已对那五百优婆塞说：'从今日起，请诸位持我为在戒律上圆满者。'阿难，这时那五百优婆塞想到：'大德伽毗尸对我们多所助益，是领导者、教导者。大德伽毗尸将在戒律上圆满，我们更何况呢？'

5.1020 pāḷiyā saṃsandetabbaṃ]! Atha kho, ānanda, tāni pañca upāsakasatāni yena gavesī upāsako tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā gavesiṃ upāsakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ajjatagge ayyo gavesī imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni sīlesu paripūrakārino dhāretū’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, gavesissa upāsakassa etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ kho imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā, ahañcamhi sīlesu paripūrakārī, imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni sīlesu paripūrakārino . Iccetaṃ samasamaṃ, natthi kiñci atirekaṃ; handāhaṃ atirekāyā’’’ti!

‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, gavesī upāsako yena tāni pañca upāsakasatāni tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tāni pañca upāsakasatāni etadavoca – ‘ajjatagge maṃ āyasmanto brahmacāriṃ dhāretha ārācāri [anācāriṃ (pī.)] virataṃ methunā gāmadhammā’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, tesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayyo kho gavesī amhākaṃ bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā. Ayyo hi nāma gavesī brahmacārī bhavissati ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Kimaṅgaṃ pana maya’nti! Atha kho, ānanda, tāni pañca upāsakasatāni yena gavesī upāsako tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā gavesiṃ upāsakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ajjatagge ayyo gavesī imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni brahmacārino dhāretu ārācārino viratā methunā gāmadhammā’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, gavesissa upāsakassa etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ kho imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā. Ahañcamhi sīlesu paripūrakārī. Imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni sīlesu paripūrakārino. Ahañcamhi brahmacārī ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni brahmacārino ārācārino viratā methunā gāmadhammā. Iccetaṃ samasamaṃ, natthi kiñci atirekaṃ; handāhaṃ atirekāyā’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, gavesī upāsako yena tāni pañca upāsakasatāni tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tāni pañca upāsakasatāni etadavoca – ‘ajjatagge maṃ āyasmanto ekabhattikaṃ dhāretha rattūparataṃ virataṃ vikālabhojanā’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, tesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayyo kho gavesī bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā. Ayyo hi nāma gavesī ekabhattiko bhavissati rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Kimaṅgaṃ pana maya’nti! Atha kho, ānanda, tāni pañca upāsakasatāni yena gavesī upāsako tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā gavesiṃ upāsakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ajjatagge ayyo gavesī imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni ekabhattike dhāretu rattūparate virate vikālabhojanā’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, gavesissa upāsakassa etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ kho imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā. Ahañcamhi sīlesu paripūrakārī. Imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni sīlesu paripūrakārino. Ahañcamhi brahmacārī ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni brahmacārino ārācārino viratā methunā gāmadhammā. Ahañcamhi ekabhattiko rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Imānipi pañca upāsakasatāni ekabhattikā rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā. Iccetaṃ samasamaṃ, natthi kiñci atirekaṃ; handāhaṃ atirekāyā’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, gavesī upāsako yena kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘labheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ labheyyaṃ upasampada’nti. Alattha kho, ānanda, gavesī upāsako kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno kho panānanda, gavesī bhikkhu eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panānanda, gavesī bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosi.


阿难，这时那五百优婆塞来到伽毗尸优婆塞处，到已对伽毗尸优婆塞说："从今日起，请大德伽毗尸也持这五百优婆塞为在戒律上圆满者。"阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞想到："我对这五百优婆塞多所助益，是领导者、教导者，我在戒律上圆满，这五百优婆塞也在戒律上圆满。这样是平等的，没有任何超越。来吧，我要超越！"
"阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞来到那五百优婆塞处，到已对那五百优婆塞说：'从今日起，请诸位持我为梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法。'阿难，这时那五百优婆塞想到：'大德伽毗尸对我们多所助益，是领导者、教导者。大德伽毗尸将成为梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法，我们更何况呢？'阿难，这时那五百优婆塞来到伽毗尸优婆塞处，到已对伽毗尸优婆塞说：'从今日起，请大德伽毗尸也持这五百优婆塞为梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法。'阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞想到：'我对这五百优婆塞多所助益，是领导者、教导者。我在戒律上圆满，这五百优婆塞也在戒律上圆满。我是梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法，这五百优婆塞也是梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法。这样是平等的，没有任何超越。来吧，我要超越！'
"阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞来到那五百优婆塞处，到已对那五百优婆塞说：'从今日起，请诸位持我为一食者，夜不食，离非时食。'阿难，这时那五百优婆塞想到：'大德伽毗尸多所助益，是领导者、教导者。大德伽毗尸将成为一食者，夜不食，离非时食，我们更何况呢？'阿难，这时那五百优婆塞来到伽毗尸优婆塞处，到已对伽毗尸优婆塞说：'从今日起，请大德伽毗尸也持这五百优婆塞为一食者，夜不食，离非时食。'阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞想到：'我对这五百优婆塞多所助益，是领导者、教导者。我在戒律上圆满，这五百优婆塞也在戒律上圆满。我是梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法，这五百优婆塞也是梵行者，远离淫欲，离村落法。我是一食者，夜不食，离非时食，这五百优婆塞也是一食者，夜不食，离非时食。这样是平等的，没有任何超越。来吧，我要超越！'
"阿难，这时伽毗尸优婆塞来到迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者处，到已对迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'世尊，我可否在世尊处出家，可否得受具足戒？'阿难，伽毗尸优婆塞在迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者处得以出家，得受具足戒。阿难，伽毗尸比丘受具足戒不久，独处、不放逸、精进、专注而住，不久即－为此族姓子正确地从在家出家为无家者－证得无上梵行之终极，于现法中自知、证悟、具足而住。他了知：'生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有。'阿难，伽毗尸比丘成为阿罗汉之一。


‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, tesa pañcannaṃ upāsakasatānaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayyo kho gavesī amhākaṃ bahūpakāro pubbaṅgamo samādapetā. Ayyo hi nāma gavesī kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissati. Kimaṅgaṃ pana maya’nti! Atha kho, ānanda, tāni pañca upāsakasatāni yena kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ; upasaṅkamitvā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyāma upasampada’nti. Alabhiṃsu kho, ānanda, tāni pañca upāsakasatāni kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ, alabhiṃsu upasampadaṃ.

‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, gavesissa bhikkhuno etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ kho imassa anuttarassa vimuttisukhassa nikāmalābhī homi akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Aho vatimānipi pañca bhikkhusatāni imassa anuttarassa vimuttisukhassa nikāmalābhino assu akicchalābhino akasiralābhino’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, tāni pañca bhikkhusatāni vūpakaṭṭhā [bhikkhusatāni ekekā vūpakaṭṭhā (syā. kaṃ.)] appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharantā nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihariṃsu. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññiṃsu’’.

‘‘Iti kho , ānanda, tāni pañca bhikkhusatāni gavesīpamukhāni uttaruttari [uttaruttariṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] paṇītapaṇītaṃ vāyamamānā anuttaraṃ vimuttiṃ sacchākaṃsu. Tasmātiha, ānanda, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uttaruttari paṇītapaṇītaṃ vāyamamānā anuttaraṃ vimuttiṃ sacchikarissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, ānanda, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dasamaṃ.

Upāsakavaggo tatiyo.


"阿难，这时那五百优婆塞想到：'大德伽毗尸对我们多所助益，是领导者、教导者。大德伽毗尸剃除须发，披着袈裟衣，从在家出家为无家者，我们更何况呢？'阿难，这时那五百优婆塞来到迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者处，到已对迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'世尊，我们可否在世尊处出家，可否得受具足戒？'阿难，那五百优婆塞在迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者处得以出家，得受具足戒。
"阿难，这时伽毗尸比丘想到：'我容易、无困难地获得这无上解脱之乐。啊！愿这五百比丘也能容易、无困难地获得这无上解脱之乐。'阿难，那五百比丘独处、不放逸、精进、专注而住，不久即－为此族姓子正确地从在家出家为无家者－证得无上梵行之终极，于现法中自知、证悟、具足而住。他们了知：'生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有。'"
"如是，阿难，那以伽毗尸为首的五百比丘，精进于更上更妙之道，证得无上解脱。因此，阿难，应当如是学：'我们将精进于更上更妙之道，证得无上解脱。'阿难，你们应当如是学。"第十。
优婆塞品第三


Tassuddānaṃ –

Sārajjaṃ visārado nirayaṃ, veraṃ caṇḍālapañcamaṃ;

Pīti vaṇijjā rājāno, gihī ceva gavesināti.

其摄颂：
怯弱与无畏，地狱与怨敌，旃陀罗第五；
喜悦与商贾，国王与在家，以及伽毗尸。


